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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer correlated with exposure to asbestos which is a mineral that occurs naturally. The disease usually develops for decades after exposure. The treatment for mesothelioma is radiation, chemotherapy and surgery. Treatment can help patients live longer. There are three types of mesothelioma. The stage and type of cells that comprise the tumor influence the prognosis. What is mesothelioma? The cancerous mesothelioma forms in the mesothelium (a thin layer of tissue that line organs within the body). It is caused by asbestos, a grouping of fibrous minerals. The exposure to asbestos is usually when people inhale or swallow asbestos fibers. These asbestos particles adhere to the organ's linings and can cause irritation, which then causes tumors. The diagnosis of mesothelioma may be confirmed by doctors when they examine the tumors, and collect a tissue sample, also called a biopsy. Mesothelioma is classified according to type based on the type of cells found in the tumours. The three mesothelioma types are epithelial (also known as sarcomatoid), biphasic and sarcomatoid. Epithelial Mesothelioma accounts for about 50% of all diagnoses. Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma makes up 10 percent of all cases, and has a less favorable prognosis than the epithelial form. Biphasic Mesothelioma is a mixture of epithelial cells and sarcomatoid. It is responsible for 30 to 40 percent of all diagnoses. Mesothelioma symptoms include chest pain, abdominal discomfort and breathing difficulties. These symptoms are similar to those experienced by other diseases, so it is imperative to see your doctor if you suffer from these symptoms. The treatment for mesothelioma can help alleviate symptoms, slow tumour growth and allow patients to live longer. Treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Patients may also receive palliative treatment, which helps to manage discomfort and pain. Doctors continue to study ways to treat mesothelioma, and how it grows. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment that uses your own immune system to fight cancer. This is a trial treatment that has shown promise for a few mesothelioma patients. Patients can also take part in clinical trials, which are studies of new treatments. Mesothelioma patients are typically treated at specialist cancer centers where they can access doctors who have experience treating the disease. Diagnosis A mesothelioma diagnosis is the initial step to receiving treatment that can extend your life span. Your doctor will look over your medical history and symptoms to determine the type of mesothelioma you have. This information is essential because the three main mesothelioma cells react differently to treatment. Your doctor may order an X-ray of the chest or CT scan as the initial test. During the test, you lie on a table as the X-ray machine or CT scan produces a precise image of your chest and its surrounding organs. Before the procedure, a small amount of dye, usually Iodine, is administered. This will make the tissue in your abdomen and chest lighter, which makes it easier to be able to. During this time, you could be asked to complete an air test. If these tests show an indication of a cancerous tumor mass the doctor will most likely order an examination for biopsy. A biopsy involves the removal of a sample of the mass or tumor either surgically or by inserting a needle into the area. The sample is then tested under a microscope in order to look for mesothelioma-like cells. In certain instances our experts use ultrasound to find lymph nodes that are enlarged and could be mesothelioma. This procedure is known as endobronchial ultrasound-guided needle biopsy or EBNA. It is done on an outpatient basis, so you are able to go home the same day. A mesothelioma specialist will also be required to determine the stage of mesothelioma. The stages are determined by how far the cancer has spread and the kind of mesothelioma you are suffering from. Getting an accurate diagnosis from a mesothelioma expert is the best way to ensure that you receive the proper treatment. Treatment The mesothelioma treatment for a patient depends on how much the disease has advanced and their overall health. Patients suffering from mesothelioma typically receive multimodal treatment, which can include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. The first step to treating mesothelioma includes a physical exam and telling your doctor about any asbestos exposure you may have been exposed to in the past. Doctors may also order imaging scans or blood tests to check for mesothelioma, and to rule out other conditions. These include CT (computerized tomography) scans; MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans and FDG-PET (fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography) scans and mediastinoscopy (used to examine and sample lymph nodes in the chest cavity). The majority of mesothelioma-related pleural cases can be treated through surgery. A patient may undergo a minimally invasive procedure referred to as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VAT) or a CT-guided needle biopsy. Both surgeries can help reduce symptoms and improve the lifespan of patients. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancerous cells and stop their growth. It is a common mesothelioma treatment that can prolong the time of treatment. It can be given via intravenous (IV) drip or in pill form. Radiation therapy is another mesothelioma cure that kills cancer cells and shrink tumors. It is offered at various stages of pleural mesothelioma, as well as to alleviate the pain and make patients live longer. In the last stage of mesothelioma treatment doctors focus on controlling symptoms to prolong a patient's lifespan as much as possible. Palliative care is a term used to describe the goal of this type of treatment. Despite the poor survival rate of mesothelioma, there are still many survivors. Stephen Jay Gould was diagnosed with peritoneal peritoneal cancer in the year 1982. He lived for 20 years, until he died of complications from another illness. Signs and symptoms Many people with mesothelioma have symptoms for months or even years before they are diagnosed. The initial symptoms are similar to those triggered by other illnesses and it is easy to ignore or mistake them for minor illnesses. If you experience any of these symptoms it is important that you see your doctor right away. The organs of your body are wrapped in a layer of tissue known as mesothelium. This layer prevents them from coming into contact. Mesothelioma is a cancer that affects mesothelium- the cells that line your organs. The lining that surrounds your lung is the primary location where mesothelioma develops. However, it could be found in your heart (pericardium), abdomen (peritoneum) as well as the surrounding lining of your testicles (tunica vulginalis). The initial signs of mesothelioma can be breathlessness or chest pain, as well as fatigue. Mesothelioma can also cause swelling of the lungs or chest wall, resulting in pleural effusion. A pleural effusion can cause pressure on the lungs, leading to coughing and breathing problems. Doctors diagnose mesothelioma after a thorough medical exam and examining the patient's medical history. They can request chest Xrays which can reveal signs of abnormalities such as thickening of the lung lining or the accumulation of fluid in the chest wall. They can also request an MRI, CT scan or PET scan to take more detailed pictures of your lung and other tissues in your body. They can also use ultrasound-guided needles in order to drain fluid from the pleura and peritoneum. A biopsy can determine which type of mesothelioma cells are making up the tumor and the way they grow. This will allow doctors to determine the best treatment options. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the three main types of mesothelioma therapies that are common. Prevention Mesothelioma cannot be prevented, but you can lower your risk by not consuming asbestos and staying away from people with it. Exposure to asbestos can lead to lung cancer, as well as other diseases that affect the organ linings. There are many types of mesothelioma. Some are more severe than others. Certain types are easier to treat than others. Asbestos is made up of an assortment of minerals with microscopic fibers. Manufacturers used it in the construction industry and other products without knowing about the dangers it poses. Veterans and blue-collar workers were particularly exposed to asbestos. brooklyn park mesothelioma lawyer is known as a hazard and should not live in a house or work in an old factory which has asbestos. If you have an antecedent of exposure to asbestos, talk with your doctor about undergoing regular screening. X-rays as well as CT or MRI scans can help identify issues with your lungs, or abdomen. A biopsy can also reveal an abnormality in the lining of your chest or stomach. Doctors will test samples of tissue from this area to determine if you suffer from mesothelioma. You could have pleural melanoma which affects the lining of your lungs. Other types include testicular, pericardial or the peritoneal. It can take a long time for mesothelioma to develop after exposure to asbestos. Even then, it's difficult to recognize. It is often mistakenly diagnosed as another illness or condition such as lung cancer, pneumonia or bronchitis. This can prevent you getting the proper treatment. Researchers are working to improve diagnosis and create tests that detect mesothelioma sooner. This could lead better treatments and a better survival rate. The study includes genetic tests to determine those most likely develop mesothelioma.